Carburizing Furnace Manufacturer India, Carburizing process guide

Carburizing is a thermochemical process in which carbon is diffused into the surface of low carbon steels to increase the carbon content to sufficient levels so that the surface will respond to heat treatment and produce a hard, wear-resistant layer. Carburizing process known as case hardening where the outer layer of the material is hardened by diffusion of carbon atoms on the top layer of the material while inner layer remains soft. A carburizing furnace allows material to be a heated at above 900°C  upto 1100°C and then all the oxygen and contaminants are pumped out using a vacuum pump and then carbon rich gas is introduced into the furnace to allow carbon diffusion on the metal surface. Maan Global Industries is the leading carburizing furnace manufacturer in India.

Video Explaining case carburization Process

Types of Carburizing Furnace Manufacturer

Carburizing furnace manufacturer in India, design and manufacture custom carburizing furnace depending on the application and carburizing process. There are several different types of carburizing furnaces, let’s understand them in detail below:

Electric Pit Carburizing Furnace Manufacturer in India

The electric pit furnace offers a unique combination of big performance and low maintenance at temperatures up to 1200°C. 

Key Specifications of Electric Pit Carburizing Furnace

• Temperature Range: to 1200°C
• Inert or Combustible Atmosphere Capable
• Low power consumption and fast cycle times. 

Gas Fired Pit Type Carburizing Furnace Manufacturer Kolkata, Odisha, Bangalore, Chennai

Horizontal Carburizing Furnace Manufacturer for Special Purpose

Electric Pit Type Carburizing Furnace with Integrated Washing Line

Electric Tempering Furnace Manufacturer India

Video Showing Carburizing Heat Treatment Line – Pit Type Carburization Furnace Manufacturer Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Delhi

What is Carburizing Process and what are different types of carburizing process and How it is done?

All three processes rely on the transformation of austenite into martensite on quenching. The increase in carbon content at the surface must be high enough to give a martensitic layer with sufficient hardness, typically 700HV, to provide a wear-resistant surface. The required carbon content at the surface after diffusion is usually 0.8 to 1.0%C. These processes can be carried out on a wide range of plain carbon steels, alloy steels and cast irons where the bulk carbon content is a maximum of 0.4% and usually less than 0.25%. Incorrect heat treatment can lead to oxidation or de-carburization. Although a relatively slow process, carburizing can be used as a continuous process and is suitable for high volume, surface hardening.

Gas carburizing

In gas carburizing, the component is held in a furnace containing an atmosphere of methane or propane with a neutral carrier gas, usually a mixture of N₂, CO, CO₂, H₂ and CH₄. At the carburizing temperature, methane (or propane) decomposes at the component surface to atomic carbon and hydrogen, with the carbon diffusing into the surface. The temperature is typically 925°C and carburizing times range from 2 hours for a 1mm depth case to a maximum of around 36 hours for a 4mm case. The quenching medium is usually oil, but can be water, brine, caustic soda or polymer.

Liquid carburizing or cyaniding

Liquid carburizing or cyaniding is carried out by placing the component in a salt bath at a temperature of 845°C to 955°C. The salt is usually a cyanide-chloride-carbonate mixture and is highly toxic. The cyanide salts introduce a small amount of nitrogen into the surface which further improves its hardness. Although the fastest carburizing process, it is suitable only for small batch sizes.

Solid carburizing

In solid or pack carburizing, the components are surrounded by a carburizing medium and placed in a sealed box. The medium is usually coke or charcoal mixed with barium carbonate. The process is really one of gas carburization since the CO produced dissociates into CO₂ and carbon which diffuses into the components’ surface. Temperatures are usually 790 to 845°C for times of 2 to 36 hours. Pack carburizing is the least sophisticated carburizing process and as a result remains a widely used method.

Carbonitriding

Carbonitriding is undertaken on a similar range of steels although the bulk carbon content can be as high as 0.4 to 0.5%. The process is particularly suited for hardening the surface of components that need a through-hardened core, such as gears and shafts. Carbonitriding is a modification of gas carburization where ammonia is added to the methane or propane and is the source of nitrogen.

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